Robert Holczer

Robert was born in Budapest, Hungary on August 31, 1929.  Because Hungary was Germany’s ally in World War II, Jews in Hungary were relatively spared the devastation occurring throughout most of Europe until March 19, 1944.  At that time, Germany, among other things dissatisfied with Hungary’s handling of the Jewish question, invaded Hungary.  Between May and July 1944, over 440,000 Jews in the Hungarian provinces outside of Budapest were deported – including Robert’s maternal grandparents and family.  Most were murdered at Auschwitz.  Meanwhile, Robert’s father, like thousands of other Jewish Hungarian men, was sent to perform forced labor while others were ordered to assist the military.

The Nazis then laid their plans for Budapest’s Jews.  Robert and his mother were forced to leave their home and move in with his aunt and other family members in a designated “yellow star house” with up to 400 other Jews.  Others were forced into one of two ghettos.  Before the Nazis could similarly deport Budapest’s approximately 100,000 Jews, the Soviets approached and ultimately set siege around the city from late December to February 1945.  During that time, members of the fascist Hungarian Arrow Cross party eagerly exacted its own “final solution” in Budapest in a wave of terror that included murdering thousands of Jews at the banks of the Danube River.  

The Arrow Cross thugs came to order 15 year-old Robert and the other Jews in the yellow star house at 1 Zichy Jeno to one of the overcrowded ghettos, where thousands were dying of starvation and sickness.  However, their efforts were thwarted on numerous occasions by Ara Jeretzian, a rescuer who disguised himself as an Arrow Cross member and converted the house into a functioning free hospital throughout the siege.  Jeretzian was honored by Yad Vashem as Righteous Among the Nations in 1981.  Robert assisted the many physicians in the house by removing amputated limbs and stacking them in the frozen courtyard, and by performing numerous dangerous errands until their part of Budapest was liberated on January 18th.  Shortly thereafter, Robert and his mother were reunited with his father, who survived his forced labor ordeal at the Bor concentration camp in Serbia.  

After the war, Robert lived in Israel, Hungary, Germany and the United States.  Robert became a teacher, and married Jan, helping to raise three children.  He was a member of the Speakers Bureau at the Holocaust Center for Humanity, sharing his story of the danger and senselessness of hatred.  Robert died on August 28, 2017.  There is a book about his pre-war and wartime experiences, The Yellow Star House, by Paul V. Regelbrugge, (Lulu Publishing, 2019).

• Transcripts for Video Clips – Robert Holczer
• Oral History Interview
• The Yellow Star Book